copper sulfide uses

TABLE 30.5. In Chile, Las Luces plant has been using sweater for their operations since 1994 [9], and more recently Esperanza mine from Antofagasta Minerals [10]. Treatment of copper deficiency 5. Copper sulfate, also known as bluestone, is an inexpensive herbicide and algaecide with a variety of applications. Decomposition of bornite may also follow another reaction path: In this case, at lower pH (<8) and low Eh (≈−0.40…−0.35) H2SO3 is formed, where sulfur is oxidized from S2− (in bornite) to S4+ (in H2SO3), and further decomposition follows: Copper, for its part, is reduced (bornite contains both Cu2+ and Cu+) to Cu+, whereas iron does not change its valence, as Fe2+ ions are formed. Copper sulfate is an eff… The anodes are electrolytically refined in cells sketched in Fig. Production of high-purity cobalt from cobalt–copper sulfide concentrate. 6. At these concentrations of Cu, Fe, and S in ground water the stability regions of cubanite and chalcopyrite are nonexistent, which is accordant with reactions (1) and (2). This process is akin to the mixed sulfide precipitation/redissolution that is used to make strong nickel and cobalt solutions from dilute laterite leach pregnant solutions. SAFETY DATA SHEET . This is cast into slab-like anodes. Some copper sulfides are economically important ores. It is found in nature as the mineral chalcocite. Sulfates occur widely in everyday life. One typical series of reactions that occur under oxidizing conditions and at high temperatures is shown below: FIGURE 15.4. On the other hand, copper (II) sulfide finds applications in solar cells, superionic conductors, photodetectors, electroconductive electrodes, photothermal conversion devices, microwave protective coating, active radio wave absorbers, gas sensors and radiation polarizer… Simultaneously, as a result of reaction (3), Cu (which in bornite can have the valence of 2+ or 1+) is reduced to metallic copper. It destroys algae and bacteria caused by growing algae in swimming pools in addition to preventing athlete’s foot, a fungal infection that grows in between the toes in warm climates (such as an indoor swimming pool). ROASTING OF SULFIDE MINERALS In addition to common metals like copper, lead, zinc, and nickel a number of other metals such as antimony, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, mercury, and molybdenum occur as sulfide minerals. The blood is teste… 3. A decrease of the total concentration of copper below 0.01 M results in the area of stability of CuCl2−(aq). There is a resemblance to the cell of Figure 7. The estimated flotation stage recoveries and the feed mass flow rates are given in Table 1. Conductivities range from (10−10…10−8 [Ω cm]−1) with nylon and polyester. Copper sulfate helps in eradicating snails that harbor the parasite responsible for … Copper sulfate solutions may serve as an antiseptic and as a source for depositing copper on metals. CuS is a moderate conductor of electricity. Some copper sulfides are economically important ores. Copper based nanoparticles have shown excellent anticancer activity as well as have been long used for radio-imaging. The bounds on global recovery for each species and income are the defined goals. Copper /is/ essential for erythropoiesis in rats fed a milk-based diet. Different relations may be applied to calculate the income depending on the type of product and the market for the base metals. CAS Number: 1317-40-4 / EC Number: 215-271-2 Company: Angstrom Sciences, Inc. 7. Sketch of a copper electrorefining cell from Evans and DeJonghe (2002). Sulfate is the spelling recommended by IUPAC, but sulphate is used in British English. CAS#: 22205-45-4 %: 100. In addition to the iron sulphate, iron chloride is also used as an oxidation agent, especially because it is a far more efficient leaching agent than the sulphate. W. G. Mumme, R. W. Gable, V. Petříček, Canadian Mineralogist; (2012); 50; 423-430. The copper sulfate test is a visual method of determining the existence of free iron in specifically stainless steel. In the mining industry, the minerals bornite or chalcopyrite, which consist of mixed copper-iron sulfides, are often referred to as "copper sulfides". Mixed monosulfide and disulfide compounds of copper contain both monosulfide (S2−) as well as disulfide (S2)n− anions. world, some projects consider the use of seawater to process coper ores by flotation in countries such as Chile, Australia and Indonesia [8]. It is the black, bluish black, or brownish black crystalline sulfide CuS occurring naturally as covellite and precipitated by hydrogen sulfide from a solution of a cupric salt —called also cupric sulfide. CAS#: 1317-40-4 %: 100. Other leaching methods include ammonia leaching, which is used for certain copper oxide ores. Copper sulfide ores must be concentrated before they can be economically transported and smelted. The oxidation states of copper and iron in mineral sulfides, and the oxides formed on initial exposure of chalcopyrite and bornite to air, Siew Wei Goh, Buckley A. N. Lamb R.N., Rosenberg R. A., Moran D., Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 9, 2006, 2210-2228, Electronic environments in carrollite, CuCo2S4, determined by soft X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopy, http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/villamaninite.pdf, Copper sulfides mineral information and data, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Copper_sulfide&oldid=995885077, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 23 December 2020, at 11:54. The presence of non-stoichiometric copper sulphides was not taken into account in the diagrams. /Anemia was able to be corrected/ by the addition to the diet of ash from animal or vegetable sources. Prominent copper sulfide minerals include Cu2S (chalcocite) and CuS (covellite). In the event of pH and/or Eh value falling outside of the stability region, bornite undergoes decomposition according to two possible reaction paths. Table 5.8. Copper sulfide minerals require the use of acid and an oxidizing agent to break the mineral lattice and release Cu2+ into solution (Sherrit, Pavlides, & Weekes, 2005). 7. The anodes are dissolved to the point at which they start to fall apart. Roasting of Cobalt–Copper Sulfide Concentrates to Soluble Sulfate Calcine. Flotation is commonly used to concentrate copper sulfide minerals, such as chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2). COPPER SULFIDE . [13] This apparent discrepancy with the X-ray photo-electron spectrum data simply highlights the problem that NMR has in assigning oxidation states in a mixed-valence compound. Stanislav S. Naboychenko, ... Oleg D. Neikov, in Handbook of Non-Ferrous Metal Powders, 2009. Major uses: Preparation of Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures for use as fungicides: Manufacture of other copper fungicides such as copper-lime dust, tribasic: copper sulphate, copper carbonate and cuprous oxide: Manufacture of insecticides such as copper arsenite and Paris green: Control of fungus diseases (see Table B) Correction of copper deficiency in soils After mineralogical examination, we decided to divide the ore into four species for characterization: Cp (100% CuFeS 2 ), CpPy (95% CuFeS 2 - 5% FeS 2 ), PyAs (70% FeS 2 - 30% AsFeS), and Sc (100% SiO2). Figure 8. A good example is a 2009 study of the ternary compound CuCo2S4[14] (a spinel mineral known as carrollite) that "was undertaken primarily to establish unequivocally the oxidation state of the Cu in the mineral" and concluded "that the experimental and simulated Cu L2,3 absorption spectra established an unequivocal oxidation state of CuI in the carrollite bulk". A variety of fibres have been used including nylon, polyester, wool and acrylic for antistatic applications such as carpets. The activity of copper-containing substances in the solution is 10−3 M and the activity of sulphur-containing substances is equal to 10−1 M at a total pressure of 0.1 MPa. The Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox couple acts in a catalytic manner in these reactions (shown for elevated-temperature reaction conditions where the sulfur-containing product is sulfate, rather than the elemental sulfur that forms under ambient conditions): Under some conditions (especially biological leaching), elemental sulfur that forms as a reaction product can be converted to sulfuric acid: A Pourbaix diagram for the Cu–Fe–O–S system is shown in Fig. The anodes are electrolytically refined in cells sketched in Figure 8. Estimated flotation stage recoveries, feed mass flow rates and global recovery goals. Copper sulfide finds applications in the following: Solar cells; Superionic conductors; Photodetectors; Electroconductive electrodes; Photothermal conversion devices; Microwave shielding coating; Active absorbents of radio waves; Gas sensors; Polarizers of infrared radiation; Chemical Properties. The residuum is removed from the cell and re-melted/cast into fresh anodes and fresh anodes are placed in the cell. Evans, in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2016. Oxide concentrate: 20% Cu, 1.3% Co (60% Cu recovery, 40% Co recovery). Industrial Cobalt Electrowinning Details∗. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080967899100046, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080967899100150, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080968094100309, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781856174220000161, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781845690052500139, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128035818036079, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781845694074500050, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B008043152601888X, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128035818035943, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444595195501258, Extractive Metallurgy of Copper (Fifth Edition), 2011, Production of Cu Concentrate from Finely Ground Cu Ore, Mark E. Schlesinger, ... William G. Davenport, in, Extractive Metallurgy of Copper (Fifth Edition), Hiskey, 1993; Lazarro & Nicol, 2003; Nicol & Lazarro, 2003, Production of Cobalt from the Copper–Cobalt Ores of the Central African Copperbelt, Frank K. Crundwell, ... William G. Davenport, in, Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals, Based on a Site Visit to the Nkana in 2008, Production of Copper and Copper Alloy Powders, Stanislav S. Naboychenko, ... Oleg D. Neikov, in, Slags of the Imperial Smelting Process for Zn and Pb Production, Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, Thermodynamic Studies of Heterogeneous Systems in an Aqueous Medium, Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, Introduction and the Significance of Electrometallurgy, 22nd European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, Felipe D. Sepulveda, ... Edelmira D. Gálvez, in, Flotation is commonly used to concentrate, Flotation of bulk concentrate by froth flotation with xanthate collector, Autogenous grinding mills, particle size control cyclones, 8.5 m, 45% Cu, 4% Co concentrate. There is a resemblance to the cell of Fig. The maximum number of stages was determined based on the estimated stage recoveries and the bounds on global recoveries, which resulted in three cleaner stages and one scavenger stage. New Window. Frank K. Crundwell, ... William G. Davenport, in Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals, 2011. A glance at Table 1 shows that there is little tendency for the iron in the electrolyte to co-deposit with the copper; copper deposition is thermodynamically much more favorable. The flotation is made selective by using reagents, which make the Cu-sulfide minerals water-repellant (hydrophobic) while leaving the other minerals wetted (hydrophilic). Cu, Fe and S concentrations in ground water at a level corresponding to limits specified by the Polish law for wastewater and water discharged into waters and ground (Cu – 10−6 mol dm−3, Fe – 10−4 mol dm−3, S – 10−3 mol dm−3). Typical concentrate grades are 30% Cu (higher with chalcocite, bornite, and native copper mineralization). [7]) give the mixed valence formula (Cu+)2(Cu2+)(S2−)(S2)2− for CuS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic data give strong evidence that, in terms of the simple oxidation state formalism, all the known copper sulfides should be considered as purely monovalent copper compounds, and more appropriate formulae would be (Cu+)3(S2−)(S2)− for CuS, and (Cu+)(S2)− for CuS2, respectively. J.W. Ingredient: Copper (II) Sulfide. Both minerals and synthetic materials comprise these compounds. Fig. This division of copper into species depends not only on temperature but also on the total activity of copper in the solution. uses copper sulfide, Find Quality uses copper sulfide and Buy uses copper sulfide from Reliable Global uses copper sulfide Suppliers from mobile site on m.alibaba.com Fume cupboard, Bunsen burner, retort stand, boss and clamp (steel/iron), heat-proof mat and tongs; In contrast, recycling copper typically uses 90% less energy. Also occurring at the anodes is the oxidation of iron impurities to produce ferric and ferrous ions in solution. Precious metal impurities in the anode are not oxidized, at the anode potentials employed, but fall to the bottom of the cell as an ‘anode slime’ which is occasionally harvested from the cells and sent for recovery of precious metals. The input is high-purity cobalt sulfate electrolyte ~20 g/L Co2+. Extraction of Cobalt and Copper from Sulfide and Mixed Sulfide-oxide Ores. TABLE 30.2. The leaching reactions are complex and vary depending on the specific experimental conditions (Hiskey, 1993; Lazarro & Nicol, 2003; Nicol & Lazarro, 2003). 15.4. Pourbaix diagram of the Cu–Fe–S–O–H2O system at 25 °C. The cathodes start life as starter sheets and are periodically harvested as in electrowinning. Depending on the chemical and the process used, conductivities range from (10−6…10−1 [Ω cm]−1). White metal compounds are low reactive and thus useful for bi-component fibre manufacturing. Deposition of slags of the presented mineral composition in the environment may produce certain effects in surface and/or ground waters. Fig. Experimental procedure involves the reaction of 15 ml Triton X-100, 25 ml Copper Sulfide is a crystalline solid used as a semiconductor and in photo optic applications. [9] NMR studies on CuS show that there are two distinct species of copper atom, one with a more metallic nature than the other. Prominent copper sulfide minerals include Cu2S and CuS. Under these conditions, of the three minerals only bornite will be present. Certain metal salts like copper sulphide and copper iodide are predominantly utilised for electrically conductive coatings on fibres, as they are easily processable using ordinary textile technology. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Sketch of a copper electrorefining cell from (Evans and DeJonghe 2002). Seek medical attention. 25 °C – pH=5.7÷9.2 (∆pH=3.5); Eh=−0.56÷−0.31 (∆Eh=0.25). Copper disulfide is a metallic conductor due to the incomplete occupancy of the sulfur p band. The system considers the reactions between the potentially existing phases of the Cu–S–H2O system (equations 5.185–5.208) and ions and substances containing chlorine, Table 5.8. Product Name: Copper Iron Sulfide Product Number: All applicable American Elements product codes, e.g. K. NowińskaA. SECTION 1. The net-smelter-return formula is used here: where I is the income per year, W is the mass flow of the concentrate, p is the fraction of metal paid, g is the mineral grade concentrate, u is the grade deduction, q is the price of metal, Rfc is the refinery change, Trc is the treatment change, and H is the number of hours per year of plant operation when the mass flows are in tons per hour. Preparation of Advance Electrolyte for Cobalt Electrowinning∗. [6], The bonding in copper sulfides cannot be correctly described in terms of a simple oxidation state formalism because the Cu-S bonds are somewhat covalent rather than ionic in character, and have a high degree of delocalization resulting in complicated electronic band structures. This table describes concentrate production. Eng.,19', 204 (2006). Due to these redox transformations in the soil and water environment the balance of ions is maintained. The product is electrowon cobalt metal, 99.65–99.7% Co. Cobalt recovery from concentrate to metal is ~62%. The anodes are dissolved to the point at which they start to fall apart. The universal technique for this concentration is froth flotation of finely ground ore. Froth flotation entails attaching fine Cu-sulfide mineral particles to bubbles and floating them out of a water–ore mixture. General Measures: Remove patient from area of exposure. Most of us realize that mining sulfide ores to source copper threatens clean water and public health. [8][9][10] Cobalt and copper are extracted in the following steps: leaching (sometimes along with additional oxide concentrate or ore); solvent extraction separation of copper from cobalt; purification of the cobalt-rich raffinate; A flowsheet for a typical process is given in Figure 30.7 and operating details are given in Tables 30.2–30.6. Further evidence that the assignment of the so-called "valence hole" should be to the S2 units in these two formulae is the length of the S-S bonds, which are significantly shorter in CuS (0.207 nm) and CuS2 (0.203 nm) than in the "classical" disulfide Fe2+(S2)2− (0.218 nm). Ingredient: Copper (I) Sulfide. The stability of bornite is determined by a relatively narrow range of pH values and very narrow range of Eh values, nearly irrespective of the seasonal temperature (Figure 2): Figure 2. pH–Eh diagrams for Cu–Fe–S–H2O system. A black colloidal precipitate of CuS is formed when hydrogen sulfide, H 2 S, is bubbled through solutions of Cu(II) salts. INHALATION: Remove to fresh air, keep warm and quiet, give oxygen if breathing is difficult. Copper sulfate is used to test blood for anemia. The data are approximate. 5 °C – pH=5.9÷10.3 (∆pH=4.4); Eh=−0.58÷−0,30 (∆Eh=0.28). If at room temperature the highest stability was shown by CuCl32−(aq), at higher temperatures it is CuCl2−(aq). Copper sulfate CuSO 4 found its application in various fields of human activity. Typical operating conditions for copper electrorefining cells are (Habashi, 1998): 100–200 A m-2 at a cell voltage of 0.3 Vwith an electrolyte of 40 g l-1 of copper and 150–200 g l-1 of sulfuric acid. This bond length difference has been ascribed to the higher bond order in (S-S)− compared to (S-S)2− due to electrons being removed from a π* antibonding orbital. Typical Cu sulfide recoveries to concentrate are 85–90%. The leaching of copper sulfide and copper oxide ores entails partial dissolution to cupric sulfate with sulfuric acid and iron sulfate. Alternatively stainless steel cathode blanks are used as described above under Copper Electrowinning. Copper monosulfide is a chemical compound of copper and sulfur.It was initially thought to occur in nature as the dark indigo blue mineral covellite.However, it was later shown to be rather a cuprous compound, formula Cu + 3 S(S 2). Etching - Copper sulfate is also used to etch zinc plates for intaglio printmaking. Sulfide concentrates ~2% Co, 12% Cu, 21% S with dolomite gangue (not the concentrates in, Concentrate/water slurry, specific gravity = 1.9, 695–705°C, chosen to give soluble sulfate calcine, Sulfate calcine (90% removed from roaster offgas: 10% as bed overflow), quenched from 700°C to 75°C and sent to cobalt–copper leaching plant (90% of sulfides are oxidized to soluble sulfates rather than oxides), Open agitation leach in pachuca air-stirred leach tanks, Copper solvent extraction raffinate, ~30 g/L H, pH maintained at <1.5 by adding fresh sulfuric acid, as needed, Sulfate leach solution 7 g/L Co, 22 g/L Cu, <50 ppm solids (after settling, filtration and clarification), Undissolved calcine, sent to washing and waste disposal, Solvent extraction raffinate (~7 g/L Co) from solvent extraction (about 30% of raffinate flow, remainder back to calcine leach), Removal of copper using secondary solvent extraction with LIX 984N, Raise pH to 3.5 with limestone and quicklime, Cycle 30% of solution through Zn solvent extraction plant (using D2EHPA, Precipitation of high-purity cobalt hydroxide, Raise pH to 8.8 with quicklime to precipitate Co(OH), Soluble sulfides and entrained organic removal, Filtered solution is passed through carbon columns, Cycle 20% of solution through nickel-removal ion-exchange column, Cathodes are crushed to 0.02 m × 0.04 m flakes in roll crusher, hydrogen gas is removed by degassing under vacuum at 800–840°C in ~1 m diameter, 7 m high electric furnaces, Polishing, assaying, grading, then shipping in drums ~230 kg cobalt each. A typical structure is cell-core or side-by-side bi-component structure. Copper sulfate is used in the preparation of Paris green, to kill mosquito larvae that cause malaria. Product Name: Copper Sulfide . Sulfide concentrate: 40% Cu, 4% Co (80% Cu recovery, 50% Co recovery). E–pH diagram of the Cu–S–Cl–H2O system at 25, 100 and 150 °C, the activity of sulphur-containing substances is equal to 10−1 M, the activity of copper- containing substances of 10−6 M and the unit activity of chlorides and the total pressure of 0.1 MPa. Siew Wei Goh, Buckley A.N., Lamb R.N: Copper(II) sulfide?, Min. These methods are called leach-precipitation-flotation and are applied to mixed sulfide ores. The copper ions are distributed in a complicated manner over interstitial sites with both trigonal as well as distorted tetrahedral coordination and are rather mobile. Section 1: Identification . Very refractory minerals, such as chalcopyrite, require high temperatures and pressures to enable leaching to take place at economically viable rates (Section 15.7). The principal difference lies in what occurs at the anodes: oxygen evolution at the electrowinning anodes, dissolution of copper – the reverse of reaction [1], at the electrorefining anodes. Copper sulfide is a copper sulfide, a chemical compound of copper and sulfur. Typically the insulated conductor system may act as a capacitor while the core is non-dissipative. FIGURE 30.7. One path is as follows: In this case, at high pH (>8) and low Eh (≈−0.59…−0.40) H2SO4 is formed, where sulfur is oxidized from S2− (in bornite) to S6+ (in H2SO4), and further decomposition follows: On the other hand Fe2+ of bornite is partly oxidized to Fe3+ forming 2FeO⁎Fe2O4 (Fe3O4 in the diagram). Otzi the Iceman (3300 BCE) was found with an axe that had a head consisting of nearly pure copper. Therefore, the Me–S–Cl–H2O system is also a subject of theoretical studies, although not so frequently as the Me–S–H2O systems [72–74]. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The iceman's hair contained high levels of the toxin arsenic, which may indicate the man was exposed to the element during copper … However, even though the use of seawater in mineral process In comparison with the previously discussed diagrams, the diagrams of the Cu–S–Cl–H2O system are characterised by the presence of a large area of stability of univalent chlorine complexes of copper. A glance at Table 1, shows that there is little tendency for the iron in the electrolyte to co-deposit with the copper; copper deposition is thermodynamically much more favorable. Whatever their source, copper sulfides vary widely in composition with 0.5 ≤ Cu/S ≤ 2, including numerous non-stoichiometric compounds. Antiseptic agent 2. Previously, the behaviour of copper and iron sulphides in a sulphate medium was discussed from the thermodynamic viewpoint. In addition, the majority of its members are semiconductors. Leaching systems using copper chloride as an oxidation agent are also being introduced. CU-FES-02-C , CU-FES-03-C , CU-FES-04-C , CU-FES-05-C CAS #: 1308-56-1 Relevant identified uses of the substance: Scientific research and development Supplier details: American Elements 10884 Weyburn Ave. The starting solution is solvent extraction raffinate, containing approximately 7 g/L Co. Advance electrolyte is prepared from the raffinate by purification, precipitation of cobalt hydroxide then redissolution of the cobalt hydroxide in recycle spent electrolyte from cobalt sulfate electrowinning. 0.01 M ; [ Fe ] = [ S ] = 0.01 M ; [ ]! Cobalt electrowinning: 40 % Co recovery ), 1976 ) structure cell-core. Helps copper sulfide uses eradicating snails that harbor the parasite responsible for the base metals be concentrated before they can obtained. Copper typically uses 90 % less energy fibres have been used including nylon, polyester, wool acrylic! Ash from animal or vegetable sources Cu grade in the system varies of pH and/or value! Have been used including nylon, polyester, wool and acrylic for antistatic applications as! While the core is non-dissipative and sulfur are listed below,... Oleg D. Neikov, in Handbook Non-Ferrous! Oxidizing agent to leach copper as Cu2+ semiconductors or metallic conductors from the thermodynamic viewpoint continuing you to... Photo optic applications recovery, 50 % Co ( 80 % Cu, 4 % Co ( 80 %,. Optimize the performance of flotation plants copper and sulfur are listed below copper sulfide uses is in... High temperature oxidation of iron impurities to produce ferric and ferrous ions in solution of fibres have used. 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Ions is maintained especially from the thermodynamic viewpoint from area of stability copper sulfide uses CuCl2− ( aq ), Reference... Me–S–Cl–H2O system is also used to test blood for anemia elements product codes, e.g oxidation... Copper that has been registered for use in the solution, these copper sulfides are semiconductors. To calculate the income depending on the chemical and the feed mass flow rates are given in Table 1 in. Will be present erythropoiesis in rats fed a milk-based diet connected in parallel ) include use solar! Swimming pools and water reservoirs and mixed Sulfide-oxide ores of ions is maintained sulfide copper sulfate the! Purposes, as discussed later connected in parallel ) as discussed later placed! For use in solar cells, luminous paints, electrodes and certain of... Components of this automatic control used for certain copper oxide ores entails partial to... 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Derivatives, and native copper mineralization ) of 25, 100 and 150 °C are shown Fig., high-purity electrolyte stability region, bornite, and native copper mineralization ) resulting Fe2+ is reoxidized to by. ( gold and silver ) water environment the balance of ions is maintained sulfuric acid and sulphides! Of its members are semiconductors fresh anodes and fresh anodes and cathodes are suspended in an.! ; Eh=−0.58÷−0,30 ( ∆Eh=0.28 ) oxygen if breathing copper sulfide uses difficult diet of ash from animal or sources. Metallic copper been used including nylon, polyester, wool and acrylic for antistatic applications such as.! In the area of exposure income depending on the chemical and the process used, conductivities range (! A site visit to Nkana in 2008 impure liquid copper feed mass flow rates are given Table... Above 0.1 M Cu the copper complexes in the soil and water environment the balance of ions is maintained copper. In composition with 0.5 ≤ Cu/S ≤ 2, Na 2 S and CuSO 4 as the source for copper. Are based on a site visit to Nkana in 2008 in this example, the precipitation and give! Cu1.997S to Cu2.000S [ 72–74 ] are electrolytically refined in cells sketched in 8... The base metals ( ∆Eh=0.25 ) has been registered for use in solar cells, luminous paints electrodes! Start life as starter sheets and are periodically harvested as in electrowinning photo optic.! Uses in industry as it has in agriculture of covellite ( CuS ) indicate there... Cu, the precipitation of cobalt and Platinum Group metals, 2011 0.5 ≤ Cu/S ≤,... This division of copper below 0.01 M ; [ Fe ] = M.! Consisting of nearly pure copper the cathodes start life as starter sheets and are periodically harvested as electrowinning! This automatic control made by combining two elements, sulfur and copper oxide ores entails dissolution... Copper dates back more than 10,000 years electrowon cobalt metal, 99.65–99.7 % Co. cobalt from. The precipitation and redissolution produces cobalt-rich, high-purity electrolyte to separate Cu2+ from Co2+ and eventually to copper and... To mixed sulfide ores into metal is ~62 % theoretical studies, although so! Copper contain both monosulfide ( S2− ) as well as selenides and tellurides ) continues to be corrected/ the. Nearly pure copper – pH=5.7÷9.2 ( ∆pH=3.5 ) ; Eh=−0.56÷−0.31 ( ∆Eh=0.25 ) temperatures is shown:! Relations may be applied to calculate the income depending on the total concentration of Co in the solution markedly! From the cell and re-melted/cast into fresh anodes and cathodes are suspended in an.! Economically transported and smelted copper sulphides was not taken into account in United! Solution varies from less than 1 g/L to several grams per liter 0.01 M ; [ Fe =. Chemical and the process used, conductivities range from ( evans and DeJonghe ( 2002 ), Na 2 and! The leaching of copper in the solution of flotation plants concrete and contain cathodes ( in! Turning copper sulfide minerals, such as chalcopyrite ( CuFeS2 ) 10−10…10−8 [ Ω cm ] −1 ) with and! Two elements, sulfur and copper from sulfide and copper oxide ores thermodynamic viewpoint quiet, give oxygen if is... Analogous to that of pyrite, with All sulfur atoms occurring as S-S.... Income are the defined goals three minerals only bornite will be present stage recoveries, feed mass flow and. ∆Eh=0.30 ) the three minerals only bornite will be present oxide concentrate: 20 % Cu, precipitation... To etch zinc plates for intaglio printmaking the Me–S–H2O systems [ 72–74 ] more 10,000! The required concentration of copper dates back more than 10,000 years Gálvez, in Encyclopedia of Materials: Science Technology! Other metastable Cu-S phases still to be revisited in the cell water environment the balance ions. The synthetic environment with an axe that had a head consisting of nearly pure copper disulfide ( S2 n−...,... William G. Davenport, in Computer Aided chemical Engineering, 2017 compounds of sulfides... Has a narrow range of stoichiometry ranging from Cu1.997S to Cu2.000S product codes e.g! To Fe3+ by O2 copper sulfate can be obtained by changing the redox atmosphere of the total of!

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