athens written in greek

The playwrights typically also composed the music, choreographed the dances and directed the actors. A collection of useful phrases in Greek, a Hellenic language spoken spoken mainly in Greece and Cyprus. [31][32] By 1400 BC the settlement had become an important centre of the Mycenaean civilization and the Acropolis was the site of a major Mycenaean fortress, whose remains can be recognised from sections of the characteristic Cyclopean walls. Eventually, however, a total of more than 3.5 million tickets were sold, which was higher than any other Olympics with the exception of Sydney (more than 5 million tickets were sold there in 2000). By this process Athens has engulfed many former suburbs and villages in Attica, and continues to do so. In post-Mycenaean times the city, especially its citadel, replaced the palace as Athena’s domain. These would pave the way for the eventual introduction of democracy by Cleisthenes in 508 BC. Athens sprawls across the central plain of Attica that is often referred to as the Athens Basin or the Attica Basin (Greek: Λεκανοπέδιο Αθηνών/Αττικής). Most of the functions of NKUA have been transferred to a campus in the eastern suburb of Zografou. International Conference "Passive and Low Energy Cooling for the Built Environment", May 2005, Santorini, Greece, pp. In the 1950s and 1960s during the extension and development of Athens, other modern movements such as the International style played an important role. Smaller zoos exist within public gardens or parks, such as the zoo within the National Garden of Athens. Many of them are accredited by a foreign state or university such as the American College of Greece and the Athens Campus of the University of Indianapolis.[147]. [163] Some of the finest sporting venues in the world were created in the city, all of which were fully ready for the games. Athena, also spelled Athene, in Greek religion, the city protectress, goddess of war, handicraft, and practical reason, identified by the Romans with Minerva. It has a fleet of 35 Sirio type vehicles[132] which serve 48 stations,[132] employ 345 people with an average daily occupancy of 65,000 passengers. The decades that followed became known as the Golden Age of Athenian democracy, during which time Athens became the leading city of Ancient Greece, with its cultural achievements laying the foundations for Western civilization. In 1923, after the population exchange between Greece and Turkey, many ethnic Greeks from Asia Minor fled to Athens as a result of the Greco-Turkish War. [24][25] Cecrops accepted this gift[24] and declared Athena the patron goddess of Athens. Learn more about the history and significance of Athens in this article. During the classical period the city's population is estimated from 150,000 to 350,000 and up to 610,000 according to Thucydides. Two Athenians, the sculptor Phidias and the playwright Aeschylus, contributed significantly to the cultural dissemination of Athena’s image. Euripides was no stranger to tragedy—actually, he was one of its fathers. [21] It was possibly rendered in the plural later on, like those of Θῆβαι (Thêbai) and Μυκῆναι (Μukênai). The large City Centre (Greek: Κέντρο της Αθήνας) of the Greek capital falls directly within the Municipality of Athens or Athens Municipality (Greek: Δήμος Αθηναίων)—also City of Athens. The municipality (Center) of Athens is the most populous in Greece, with a population of 664,046 people (in 2011)[2] and an area of 38.96 km2 (15.04 sq mi),[15] forming the core of the Athens Urban Area within the Attica Basin. In 2000 the Organising Committee's president was replaced by Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki, who was the president of the original Bidding Committee in 1997. [98] The expansion is now particularly toward the East and North East (a tendency greatly related to the new Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport and the Attiki Odos, the freeway that cuts across Attica). The Embassy of France in Vasilissis Sofias Avenue. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state. Athens Polytechnic uprising,[146] against the military junta that ruled the nation from 21 April 1967 until 23 July 1974. 24, Issue 12, pp.1296–1302. The root of the word is probably not of Greek or Indo-European origin,[22] and is possibly a remnant of the Pre-Greek substrate of Attica. (1985). Ahead of Eurovision 2020, she had plans to work her magic like a true “Superg!rl” on the Rotterdam stage. Giannopoulou K., Livada I., Santamouris M., Saliari M., Assimakopoulos M., Caouris Y.G. [39], The major waste management efforts undertaken in the last decade (particularly the plant built on the small island of Psytalia) have greatly improved water quality in the Saronic Gulf, and the coastal waters of Athens are now accessible again to swimmers. It actually sprawls over the whole peninsula of Attica, which is the best part of the region of Attica, excluding the islands. Areas to Avoid and Other Warnings", "Worldwide Quality of Living ranking 2019", "Founda D. (2011). The 1906 Summer Olympics, or the 1906 Intercalated games, were held in Athens. Later in the mid and late 19th century, Theophil Freiherr von Hansen and Ernst Ziller took part in the construction of many neoclassical buildings such as the Athens Academy and the Zappeion Hall. With Greece in the middle of a coronavirus pandemic and having just successfully dealt with a major migration crisis asymmetrically launched by Turkey, anarcho-feminists have taken the opportunity under the cover of darkness on the lockdown quiet streets of Athens to vandalise a church for their political agenda. [44] According to a Mercer 2019 Quality of Living Survey, Athens ranks 89th on the Mercer Quality of Living Survey ranking. The Panathenaic Stadium of Athens (Kallimarmaron) dates back to the 4th century BC and has hosted the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. In the 1980s it became evident that smog from factories and an ever-increasing fleet of automobiles, as well as a lack of adequate free space due to congestion, had evolved into the city's most important challenge. [165][166] These claims, however, are disputed and likely to be inaccurate, as most of the facilities used for the Athens Olympics are either in use or in the process of being converted for post-Olympics use. Maillot de bain - Mode et Tendance | Carla-Bikini. [157] The Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center, inaugurated in 2016, will house the National Library of Greece and the Greek National Opera.[158]. Santamouris M., Papanikolaou N., Livada I., Koronakis I., Georgakis A., Assimakopoulos D.N. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years[citation needed] and its earliest human presence started somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC.[5]. Santamouris M. (1997). Athena appears in Homer’s Odyssey as the tutelary deity of Odysseus, and myths from later sources portray her similarly as helper of Perseus and Heracles (Hercules). "Passive Cooling and Urban Layout". Athens welcomed more than 5 million tourists in 2018 and 1,4 million of them were "city-breakers" (in 2013 the city-breakers were only 220.000). The hotel was designed by acclaimed artist Dakis Joannou and designer Karim Rashid. In the 5th century BC, some great plays were written by Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. [23] Modern scholars now generally agree that the goddess takes her name from the city,[23] because the ending -ene is common in names of locations, but rare for personal names.[23]. 14 déc. Sparta was by far the better of the two City-States in Ancient Greece to be woman. [123], OSY (Greek: ΟΣΥ) (Odikes Sygkoinonies S.A.) which is subsidiary company of OASA (Athens urban transport organisation), is the main operator of buses and trolleybusses in Athens. During the 1920s a number of Greek refugees, expelled from Asia Minor after the Greco-Turkish War, swelled Athens's population; nevertheless it was most particularly following World War II, and from the 1950s and 1960s, that the population of the city exploded, and Athens experienced a gradual expansion. [22] In antiquity, it was debated whether Athens took its name from its patron goddess Athena (Attic Ἀθηνᾶ, Athēnâ, Ionic Ἀθήνη, Athḗnē, and Doric Ἀθάνα, Athā́nā) or Athena took her name from the city. The city also retains Roman and Byzantine monuments, as well as a smaller number of Ottoman monuments, while its historical urban core features elements of continuity through its millennia of history. [60][61][62][63][64] On the other hand, specific meteorological stations, such as the National Garden station and Thiseio meteorological station, are less affected or do not experience the urban heat island. The city is a world centre of archaeological research. International links are provided by a number of private companies. [163] The only observable problem was a somewhat sparse attendance of some early events. Do you want a B2B collaboration? The 17-year-old star has landed in Athens and is recording with Dimitris Kontopolous, Sharon Vaughn and the songwriting collective Arcade Music. Athens was voted as the third best European city to visit in 2015 by European Best Destination. Books-in-Greek is the most recent and most complete Greek on-line bookstore ... Athens in Poems: To teleytaio reunion... more:: NewsLetter. Notable composers of operettas or nocturnes were Kostas Giannidis, Dionysios Lavrangas, Nikos Hatziapostolou, while Theophrastos Sakellaridis' The Godson remains probably the most popular operetta. The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city, represented by ancient monuments and works of art, the most famous of all being the Parthenon, considered a key landmark of early Western civilization. The games welcomed over 10,000 athletes from all 202 countries. "Indications of the Urban Heat Island in Athens, Greece". Also to be found is the Pedion tou Areos (Field of Mars) of 27.7 hectares, near the National Archaeological Museum. [89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] This figure is highly suspect because of the lopsided number of slaves and does not include free women and children and resident foreigners: an estimated based on Thucydides is: 40,000 male citizens, 100,000 family members, 70,000 metics (resident foreigners) and 150,000-400,000 slaves. Advertisement in www.Books-In-Greek.gr:: Biblionet. There are also several other private colleges, as they called formally in Greece, as the establishment of private universities is prohibited by the constitution. The route starts from the Temple of Olympian Zeus at Vasilissis Olgas Avenue, continues under the southern slopes of the Acropolis near Plaka, and finishes just beyond the Temple of Hephaestus in Thiseio. Lycabettus, Philopappos hill and the area around it, including Pnyx and Ardettos hill, are planted with pines and other trees, with the character of a small forest rather than typical metropolitan parkland. [129] The line connects the western suburbs of Athens with the southeast suburbs, passing through the center of Athens. (2011). It is also a major national hub for Intercity (Ktel) and international buses as well as for domestic and international rail transport. The Municipality of Athens (also City of Athens), which actually constitutes a small administrative unit of the entire city, had a population of 664,046 (in 2011)[2] within its official limits, and a land area of 38.96 km2 (15.04 sq mi). The incumbent Mayor of Athens is Kostas Bakoyannis of New Democracy. The qualities that lead to victory are found on the aegis, or breastplate, that Athena wears when she goes to war: fear, strife, defense, and assault. Yet the Greek economy, unlike that of the Minoans, was largely military, so that Athena, while retaining her earlier domestic functions, became a goddess of war. [42] It also ranks as a very safe city (39th globally out of 162 cities overall) on the ranking of the safest and most dangerous countries. Other universities that lie within Athens are the Athens University of Economics and Business, the Panteion University, the Agricultural University of Athens and the University of Piraeus. [43] A 2019 crime index from Numbeo places Athens at 130th position, rating safer than Tampa, Florida or Dublin, Ireland. [74][75] The landmark Dionysiou Areopagitou Street has been pedestrianised, forming a scenic route. When Demetrius of Phalerum conducted a population census in 317 BC the population was 21,000 free citizens, plus 10,000 resident aliens and 400,000 slaves. A second Olympic complex, next to the sea at the beach of Palaio Faliro, also features modern stadia, shops and an elevated esplanade. The 2004 Olympic Games were described as Unforgettable, dream Games, by IOC President Jacques Rogge for their return to the birthplace of the Olympics, and for meeting the challenges of holding the Olympic Games. Being the favourite child of Zeus, she had great power. She may not have been described as a virgin originally, but virginity was attributed to her very early and was the basis for the interpretation of her epithets Pallas and Parthenos. The largest and oldest university in Athens is the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. [24] In both versions, Athena offered the Athenians the first domesticated olive tree. However, they rarely use it in written forms though it differs less from the Standard Greek. Measures taken by the Greek authorities throughout the 1990s have improved the quality of air over the Attica Basin. [134], Athens is served by the Athens International Airport (ATH), located near the town of Spata, in the eastern Messoghia plain, some 35 km (22 mi) east of center of Athens. In late June 2007,[39] the Attica region experienced a number of brush fires,[39] including a blaze that burned a significant portion of a large forested national park in Mount Parnitha,[40] considered critical to maintaining a better air quality in Athens all year round. The Parthenon, on the Acropolis, in Athens. Some of them are PAO Rouf (Rouf) with earlier presence in Gamma Ethniki, Petralona F.C. Mount Parnitha is the tallest of the four mountains (1,413 m (4,636 ft)),[37] and has been declared a national park. Athens is the colourful capital of Greece, that offers things to do for all kinds of travellers and for every budget. (el) (Petralona), football club founded in 1963, with earlier presence in Beta Ethniki, Attikos F.C. In 700 BC the population grew to 10,000. The Athens Mass Transit System consists of a large bus fleet, a trolleybus fleet that mainly serves Athens's city center, the city's Metro, a Proastiakos service[122] and a tram network, connecting the southern suburbs to the City Centre. The Municipality of Athens, the City Centre of the Athens Urban Area, is divided into several districts: Omonoia, Syntagma, Exarcheia, Agios Nikolaos, Neapolis, Lykavittos, Lofos Strefi, Lofos Finopoulou, Lofos Filopappou, Pedion Areos, Metaxourgeio, Aghios Kostantinos, Larissa Station, Kerameikos, Psiri, Monastiraki, Gazi, Thission, Kapnikarea, Aghia Irini, Aerides, Anafiotika, Plaka, Acropolis, Pnyka, Makrygianni, Lofos Ardittou, Zappeion, Aghios Spyridon, Pangrati, Kolonaki, Dexameni, Evaggelismos, Gouva, Aghios Ioannis, Neos Kosmos, Koukaki, Kynosargous, Fix, Ano Petralona, Kato Petralona, Rouf, Votanikos, Profitis Daniil, Akadimia Platonos, Kolonos, Kolokynthou, Attikis Square, Lofos Skouze, Sepolia, Kypseli, Aghios Meletios, Nea Kypseli, Gyzi, Polygono, Ampelokipoi, Panormou-Gerokomeio, Pentagono, Ellinorosson, Nea Filothei, Ano Kypseli, Tourkovounia-Lofos Patatsou, Lofos Elikonos, Koliatsou, Thymarakia, Kato Patisia, Treis Gefyres, Aghios Eleftherios, Ano Patisia, Kypriadou, Menidi, Prompona, Aghios Panteleimonas, Pangrati, Goudi, Vyronas and Ilisia. [132] The expansion to Piraeus will include 12 new stations, increase the overall length of tram route by 5.4 km (3 mi), and increase the overall transportation network. [140][141][142] Rafina and Lavrio act as alternative ports of Athens, connects the city with numerous Greek islands of the Aegean Sea, Evia and Cesme in Turkey,[143][144] while also serving the cruise ships that arrive. Athens (/ˈæθɪnz/ ATH-inz;[4] Greek: Αθήνα, romanized: Athína [aˈθina] (listen); Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, romanized: Athênai (pl.) [24][25] Eight different etymologies, now commonly rejected, were proposed during the 17th century. [138] Beyond the dimensions of its passenger capacity, ATH handled 205,294 total flights in 2007, or approximately 562 flights per day.[139]. Solar Energy, 70 (3): pp. [164], In 2008 it was reported that most of the Olympic venues had fallen into disrepair: according to those reports, 21 of the 22 facilities built for the games had either been left abandoned or are in a state of dereliction, with several squatter camps having sprung up around certain facilities, and a number of venues afflicted by vandalism, graffiti or strewn with rubbish. The term Athens can refer either to the Municipality of Athens, to Greater Athens, or to the entire Athens Urban Area. Theseus was responsible, according to the myth, for the synoikismos ("dwelling together")—the political unification of Attica under Athens. The Stadiou Street in Central Athens in 1908. [46] With an average of 455 millimetres (17.9 in) of yearly precipitation, rainfall occurs largely between the months of October and April. [129] It then ascends to ground level and continues to Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport, using the Suburban Railway infrastructure, extending its total length to 39 km (24 mi). [10] In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. The city also supports music venues, including the Athens Concert Hall (Megaro Moussikis), which attracts world class artists. The Italian Embassy in Vasilissis Sofias Avenue. [20], In Ancient Greek, the name of the city was Ἀθῆναι (Athênai, pronounced [atʰɛ̂ːnai̯] in Classical Attic) a plural. The airport accommodates 65 landings and take-offs per hour,[135] with its 24-passenger boarding bridges,[135] 144 check-in counters and broader 150,000 m2 (1,614,587 sq ft) main terminal;[135] and a commercial area of 7,000 m2 (75,347 sq ft) which includes cafés, duty-free shops,[136] and a small museum. Sparta’s view toward their women was more liberal than that of Athens. Both composers have achieved fame abroad for their composition of film scores.[159]. The Greek Government has created a corporation, Olympic Properties SA, which is overseeing the post-Olympics management, development and conversion of these facilities, some of which will be sold off (or have already been sold off) to the private sector,[167] while other facilities are still in use just as during the Olympics, or have been converted for commercial use or modified for other sports. Découvrez vos propres épingles sur Pinterest et enregistrez-les. However the numbers would include all of Athenian territory which consisted almost entirely of modern Attica region expect the territory of the city-state of Megaris and the island section. [27] In classical literature, the city was sometimes referred to as the City of the Violet Crown, first documented in Pindar's ἰοστέφανοι Ἀθᾶναι (iostéphanoi Athânai), or as τὸ κλεινὸν ἄστυ (tò kleinòn ásty, "the glorious city"). The architects of this era employed materials such as glass, marble and aluminium, and many blended modern and classical elements. The population of the unincorporated communities below is not mentioned here. Four mountain ranges extend into city boundaries and thousands of kilometres of trails criss-cross the city and neighbouring areas, providing exercise and wilderness access on foot and bike. See these phrases in any combination of two languages in the Phrase Finder. As the guardian of the welfare of kings, Athena became the goddess of good counsel, of prudent restraint and practical insight, as well as of war. Quality of Living Survey ranking be Maniatika, Piraeus and Dimotiko Theatro Athens! 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